Quantum Spatial 2016 Lidar point cloud Geographic Extent: Allentown, Pennsylvania, covering approximately 20 square miles in eastern Pennsylvania. Dataset Description: Allentown, Pennsylvania 2016 QL1 LiDAR project called for the planning, acquisition, processing, and production of products derivative of LIDAR data to be collected at a nominal pulse spacing (NPS) of 0.35 meters. Project specifications are based on the U.S. Geological Survey National Geospatial Program Base LIDAR Specification, Version 1.2. The data was developed based on a horizontal projection/datum of NAD83 (2011) State Plane Pennsylvania South Zone, US survey feet and vertical datum of NAVD1988 (GEOID 12B), US survey feet. LiDAR data was delivered in RAW flight line swath format, processed to create Classified LAS 1.4 Files formatted to 129 individual 2,500-foot X 2,500-foot tiles, 1-foot hydro-flattened bare-earth raster DEMs in ERDAS .IMG format and intensity images in GeoTIFF format, tiled to the same 2,500-foot X 2,500-foot tile schema. Hydro-flattened breaklines were produced in Esri file geodatabase format. A mosaic of the hydro-flattened bare-earth raster DEMs was produced in ERDAS .IMG format. Ground Conditions: LiDAR was collected in spring of 2016, while no snow was on the ground and rivers were at or below normal levels. In order to post process the LiDAR data to meet task order specifications, A total of 18 calibration control points in order to calibrate the LIDAR to known ground locations established throughout the project area. The accuracy of the data was checked with 20 NVA points and 5 VVA points (25 total QC checkpoints). Classified LAS files are used to show the manually reviewed bare earth surface. This allows the user to create Breaklines and Raster DEMs. The purpose of these lidar data was to produce high accuracy 3D hydro-flattened Digital Elevation Model (DEM) with a 1-foot cell size. These raw lidar point cloud data were used to create classified lidar LAS files, 3D breaklines, and hydro-flattened DEMs as necessary. USGS-NGP Base Lidar Specification v1.2 Riegl LMS 680i 2 0.35 8.00 0.35 8.00 487.68 125 60 400 400 4 0.24 1550 1 0.5 563.12 35 g2012bu0.bin 0.196 0.016 20 0.017 20 0.045 5 1.4 6 Withheld (ignore) points were identified in these files using the standard LAS Withheld bit Swath "overage" points were identified in these files using the standard LAS overlap bit 16-bit 1 Processed but unclassified 2 Bare earth ground 7 Low noise 9 Water 10 Ignored Ground 17 Bridge Decks 18 High noise USGS Contract: G16PC00016 Task Order Number: G16PD00442 CONTRACTOR: Quantum Spatial Quantum Spatial used LiDAR data acquired by Richard Crouse, and Associates with control collected by Herbert, Rowland, and Grubic, Inc. All follow-on processing was completed by the prime contractor. 20160823 ground condition Complete None planned -75.557001119897 -75.4113585764082 40.6416381950144 40.5461340160323 2577499.99179171 2617499.99180565 484999.984121652 449999.984109487 None Elevation data Lidar Hydrology None United States US Pennsylvania PA Lehigh County Allentown No restrictions apply to this data. None. However, users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this dataset was collected and that some parts of these data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations. Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated for products derived from these data. Quantum Spatial, Data Acquisition Department Chris Holder mailing and physical

523 Wellington Way

Lexington KY 40503 USA 859-277-8700 859-277-8901 cholder@quantumspatial.com Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time) If unable to reach the contact by telephone, please send an email. You should get a response within 24 hours. MicroStation Version 8; TerraScan Version 15; TerraModeler Version 15; GeoCue Version 2014.1.21.1; ESRI ArcGIS 10.2; Global Mapper 16; Leica Cloud Pro 1.2; Windows 7 Operating System \\PSIHQ_NX3200\Projects\Projects\27136_Allentown_USGS 3.65 GB and \\matrix\matrix\LIDAR\27136_USGS_Allentown_LiDAR_from_RCA 138 GB Data cover the entire area specified for this project. These raw LAS data files include all data points collected. No points have been removed or excluded. A visual qualitative assessment was performed to ensure data completeness. No void areas or missing data exist. The raw point cloud is of good quality and data passes Nonvegetated Vertical Accuracy specifications. The specifications require that only raw Nonvegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) be computed for raw lidar point cloud swath files. The raw NVA was tested with 20 independent survey points distributed throughout the project area and located in open terrain. These checkpoints were not used in the calibration or post-processing of the lidar point cloud data. Specifications for this project require that the raw NVA be 19.6 cm or better AccuracyZ at 95 percent confidence level. The specifications require that Nonvegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) be computed for DEM files. The NVA was tested with 20 independent survey points distributed throughout the project area and located in open terrain. These checkpoints were not used in the calibration or post-processing of the lidar point cloud data. Specifications for this project require that the NVA be 19.6 cm or better AccuracyZ at 95 percent confidence level. The specifications require that Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (VVA) be computed for DEM files. The VVA was tested with 5 independent survey points distributed throughout the project area and located in vegetated terrain. These checkpoints were not used in the calibration or post-processing of the lidar point cloud data. Specifications for this project require that the VVA be 29.4 cm or better at the 95th percentile. 0.03 The raw NVA was tested using 20 independent survey points located in open terrain. The surveyed checkpoints were distributed throughout the project area and surveyed using GNSS procedures and methodologies that provide reliable and consistent results to meet the project's accuracy requirements. Please see the Survey Report for more information. Elevations from the unclassified lidar surface were measured for the x,y location of each check point. Elevations interpolated from the unclassified lidar surface were then compared to the elevation values of the surveyed control. The RMSEz was computed to be 0.016 meters (0.051 feet) and AccuracyZ to be 0.030 meters (0.100 feet). This meets the required AccuracyZ value of 19.6 cm raw NVA at 95 percent confidence level using (RMSEz * 1.9600) as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); assessed and reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines. 0.034 The NVA was tested using 20 independent survey points located in open terrain. The surveyed checkpoints were distributed throughout the project area and surveyed using GNSS procedures and methodologies that provide reliable and consistent results to meet the project's accuracy requirements. Please see the Survey Report for more information. Elevations from the DEM surface were measured for the x,y location of each check point. Elevations interpolated from the DEM surface were then compared to the elevation values of the surveyed control. The RMSEz was computed to be 0.017 meters (0.057 feet) and AccuracyZ to be 0.034 meters (0.112 feet). This meets the required AccuracyZ value of 19.6 cm NVA at 95 percent confidence level using (RMSEz * 1.9600) as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); assessed and reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines. 0.045 The VVA was tested using 5 independent survey points located in vegetated terrain. The surveyed checkpoints were distributed throughout the project area and surveyed using GNSS procedures and methodologies that provide reliable and consistent results to meet the project's accuracy requirements. Please see the Survey Report for more information. Elevations from the DEM surface were measured for the x,y location of each check point. Elevations interpolated from the DEM surface were then compared to the elevation values of the surveyed control. The VVA was computed to be 0.045 meters (0.146 feet). This meets the required value of 29.4 cm VVA at 95th percentile level using the 95th percentile of the absolute value of all vertical errors in all combined vegetation classes as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); assessed and reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines. Herbert, Rowland, and Grubic, Inc. 2016 vector digital data and tabular data Harrisburg, PA Herbert, Rowland, and Grubic, Inc. online 2016 ground condition PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_gnd_ctrl This data source was used (along with the airborne GPS/IMU Data) to aid in the georeferencing of the lidar point cloud data. Richard Crouse and Associates 2016 lidar data Frederick, MD Richard Crouse and Associates online 20160326 ground condition PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_Data This data source was used to populate the lidar point cloud data. Herbert, Rowland, and Grubic, Inc. 2016 vector digital data and tabular data Harrisburg, PA Herbert, Rowland, and Grubic, Inc. online 2016 ground condition PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_qc_ctrl This data source was used to QC and vertically adjust the lidar point cloud data. Lidar Pre-Processing: Airborne GPS and IMU data were merged to develop a Single Best Estimate (SBET) of the lidar system trajectory for each lift. Lidar ranging data were initially calibrated using previous best parameters for this instrument and aircraft. Relative calibration was evaluated using advanced plane-matching analysis and parameter corrections derived. This was repeated iteratively until residual errors between overlapping swaths, across all project lifts, was reduced to 2 cm or less. Data were then block adjusted to match surveyed calibration control. Raw data NVA were checked using independently surveyed checkpoints. Swath overage points were identified and tagged within each swath file. PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_gnd_ctrl 2016 LiDAR datasets with USGS classifications Quantum Spatial mailing and physical

523 Wellington Way

Lexington KY 40503 USA 859-277-8700 859-277-8901 Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time) If unable to reach the contact by telephone, please send an email. You should get a response within 24 hours. Lidar Post-Processing: The calibrated and controlled lidar swaths were processed using automatic point classification routines in proprietary software. These routines operate against the entire collection (all swaths, all lifts), eliminating character differences between files. Data were then distributed as virtual tiles to experienced lidar analysts for localized automatic classification, manual editing, and peer-based QC checks. Supervisory QC monitoring of work in progress and completed editing ensured consistency of classification character and adherence to project requirements across the entire project area. All classification tags are stored in the original swath files. After completion of classification and final QC approval, the NVA and VVA for the project are calculated. Sample areas for each land cover type present in the project area were extracted and forwarded to the client, along with the results of the accuracy tests. Upon acceptance, the complete classified lidar swath files were delivered to the client. PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_ctrl PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_Data 2016 PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_Data Quantum Spatial Ryan Griffin mailing and physical

523 Wellington Way

Lexington KY 40503 USA 859-277-8700 859-277-8901 rgriffin@quantumspatial.com Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time) If unable to reach the contact by telephone, please send an email. You should get a response within 24 hours. Classified LAS Processing: The bare earth surface is then manually reviewed to ensure correct classification on the Class 2 (Ground) points. After the bare-earth surface is finalized, it is then used to generate all hydro-breaklines through heads-up digitization. All ground (ASPRS Class 2) LiDAR data inside of the Lake Pond and Double Line Drain hydro flattening breaklines were then classified to water (ASPRS Class 9) using TerraScan macro functionality. A buffer of 3 feet was also used around each hydro-flattened feature to classify these ground (ASPRS Class 2) points to Ignored ground (ASPRS Class 10). All Lake Pond Island and Double Line Drain Island features were checked to ensure that the ground (ASPRS Class 2) points were reclassified to the correct classification after the automated classification was completed. All bridge decks were classified to Class 17. All overlap data was processed through automated functionality provided by TerraScan to classify the overlapping flight line data to approved classes by USGS. The overlap data was identified using the Overlap Flag, per LAS 1.4 specifications. All data was manually reviewed and any remaining artifacts removed using functionality provided by TerraScan and TerraModeler. Global Mapper us used as a final check of the bare earth dataset. GeoCue was then used to create the deliverable industry-standard LAS files for both the All Point Cloud Data and the Bare Earth. Quantum Spatial proprietary software was used to perform final statistical analysis of the classes in the LAS files, on a per tile level to verify final classification metrics and full LAS header information. PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_ctrl PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_Data 2016 Classified LAS Quantum Spatial Ryan Griffin mailing and physical

523 Wellington Way

Lexington KY 40503 USA 859-277-8700 859-277-8901 rgriffin@quantumspatial.com Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time) If unable to reach the contact by telephone, please send an email. You should get a response within 24 hours. Hydro-Flattened Breakline Creation: Class 2 LiDAR was used to create a bare earth surface model. The surface model was then used to heads-up digitize 2D breaklines of inland streams and rivers with a 30 meter nominal width and Inland Ponds and Lakes of 2 acres or greater surface area. Elevation values were assigned to all Inland Ponds and Lakes, Inland Pond and Lake Islands, Inland Stream and River Islands, using TerraModeler functionality. Elevation values were assigned to all Inland streams and rivers using Quantum Spatial proprietary software. All ground (ASPRS Class 2) LiDAR data inside of the collected inland breaklines were then classified to water (ASPRS Class 9) using TerraScan macro functionality. A buffer of 3 feet was also used around each hydro-flattened feature. These points were moved from ground (ASPRS Class 2) to Ignored Ground (ASPRS Class 10). The continuous breakline files were then translated to Esri file geodatabase format using Esri conversion tools. PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_ctrl PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_Data 2016 Hydro-Flattened Breaklines Quantum Spatial Ryan Griffin mailing and physical

523 Wellington Way

Lexington KY 40503 USA 859-277-8700 859-277-8901 rgriffin@quantumspatial.com Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time) If unable to reach the contact by telephone, please send an email. You should get a response within 24 hours. Hydro-Flattened Bare Earth Raster DEM Creation: Class 2 LiDAR in conjunction with the hydro breaklines were used to create a 1-foot Raster DEM. Using automated scripting routines within ArcMap, an ERDAS Imagine .IMG file was created for each tile. Each surface is reviewed using Global Mapper to check for any surface anomalies or incorrect elevations found within the surface. PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_ctrl PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_Data 2016 Hydro-Flattened Bare-Earth Raster DEMs Quantum Spatial Ryan Griffin mailing and physical

523 Wellington Way

Lexington KY 40503 USA 859-277-8700 859-277-8901 rgriffin@quantumspatial.com Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time) If unable to reach the contact by telephone, please send an email. You should get a response within 24 hours. Intensity Image Creation: GeoCue software was used to create the deliverable Intensity Images with a 1-foot cell size. All overlap classes were ignored during this process. This helps to ensure a more aesthetically pleasing image. The GeoCue software was then used to verify full project coverage as well. TIF/TWF files were then provided as the deliverable for this dataset requirement. PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_ctrl PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_Data 2016 Intensity Images Quantum Spatial Ryan Griffin mailing and physical

523 Wellington Way

Lexington KY 40503 USA 859-277-8700 859-277-8901 rgriffin@quantumspatial.com Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time) If unable to reach the contact by telephone, please send an email. You should get a response within 24 hours. Hydro-Flattened Bare Earth Raster DEM Mosaic Creation: After final surface acceptance, a mosaic of the 1-foot bare-earth raster DEM files was created using automated scripting routines within ArcMap, in ERDAS .IMG format. The surface was reviewed for completeness to ensure all tiles were included in the mosaic. PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_ctrl PA_Allentown_2016_LiDAR_Data 2016 Hydro-Flattened Bare-Earth Raster DEM Mosaic Quantum Spatial Ryan Griffin mailing and physical

523 Wellington Way

Lexington KY 40503 USA 859-277-8700 859-277-8901 rgriffin@quantumspatial.com Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time) If unable to reach the contact by telephone, please send an email. You should get a response within 24 hours. Point Point State Plane Coordinate System 1983 3702 39.93333333333333 -77.75 39.33333333333334 1968500.0 0.0 coordinate pair 0.01 0.01 survey feet North American Datum of 1983 (2011) Geodetic Reference System 80 6378137 298.257222101 North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (Geoid 12B) 0.01 feet Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates 20160826 Quantum Spatial Sarah Zibart mailing and physical

523 Wellington Way

Lexington KY 40503 USA 859-277-8700 859-277-8901 szibart@quantumspatial.com Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Eastern Time) If unable to reach the contact by telephone, please send an email. You should get a response within 24 hours. FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 None. None. None. Unclassified NONE