Red River Basin Mapping Initiative 2008-2010
Metadata:
- Identification_Information:
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- Citation:
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- Citation_Information:
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- Originator: International Water Institute
- Publication_Date: 20100524
- Title: Red River Basin Mapping Initiative 2008-2010
- Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
- Publication_Information:
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- Publication_Place: International Water Institute, Fargo ND
- Publisher: RRBMI Red River Basin Mapping Initiative
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- Online_Linkage: <http://www.internationalwaterinstitute.org/>
- Description:
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- Abstract:
- The Red River Basin Mapping Initiative was developed by the International Water Institute to acquire a highly accurate digital elevation model (DEM) for the Red River of the North Basin (RRB) south of the U.S./Canada border using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR). The need for accurate elevation data in the RRB has been established by the International Joint Commission (IJC 2000), the International Flood Mitigation Initiative (IFMI 2000), and the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE 2004) following the devastating flood of 1997. Highly accurate elevation data are essential to improving disaster preparedness, protecting existing infrastructure, planning flood and drought damage mitigation projects, enhancing agricultural production, and strengthening decision-making capacity at all levels of government.
Fugro Horizons Inc in cooperation with North West
Geomatics, and Fugro EarthData acquired LiDAR
with Leica sensor ALS50-II MPiA for the US part of the Red River
Basin. The Red River Basin covers ND, MN, SD and
flows into Canada. The US part of the Red River of the North Basin encompasses 40,733 sq miles. The LiDAR acquisition (leaf off conditions) occurred between spring 2008
and spring 2010..
LiDAR sensor
settings included acquisition at 8,000' above mean terrain (AMT), 45 degree field
of view, 6.626ft swath width, maximum along track spacing
(occurs at FOV edge) of 2.56m in overlap areas, maximum
cross track spacing (occurs at Nadir) 2.16 meter, average
post spacing of 1.35m, point density (average) of 0.55
points per square meter, and area/point (average) of 1.82
m^2. This sensor was also equipped with IPAS inertial
measuring unit (IMU) and a dual frequency airborne GPS
receiver.
Color film (0.5m ortho photography) was acquired along the mainstem river corridor between April 18th to May 20th 2008 and May 10th to May 17th 2009 at a flight height of 17,500' AMT resulting in a photo scale of 1:2917. The photography was obtained using a Zeiss RMK Top 15 camera with FMC mounted in a gyro-stabilized mount. Aerotriangulation resulted in a RMSE-X of 1.202 ft, RMSE-Y of 0.896 ft, and RMSE-Z of 0.828 ft and accuracy supported 0.5m ortho photography.
LiDAR deliverables are in UTM zone 14 coordinate system
NAD83(CORS96) NAVD88 Geod03 meters tiled 2,000m x
2,000m with an XY naming convention.
*** BareEarth - Contains bare earth class 2, keypoints
class 8, and red river class 9. LAS files have a leading "B"
identifier
*** First_returns - Contains LiDAR first return LAS files with
a leading "F" identifier
*** Flight Logs and jpgs
*** Grids_ascii - 1m Arc Grid created from integer grids with a leading "A" identifier
*** Grids_integer - 1m Arc Grid, z in centimeters created
from Grids_ascii with a leading "g" identifier
*** Hybrid - Hybrid 1m pixel B/W tiffs with georeferencing
created from LiDAR intensity and Raw LiDAR/hillshade,
leading "H" identifier
*** Metadata - Contains metadata file(s)
*** Processing_Report - Includes RMSE's and acquisition
details
*** Raw - Raw LiDAR corrected to ground LAS files with a
leading "R" identifier, LAS files include intensity data and return. Raw data contain bare earth class 2, buildings class 6, keypoints
class 8, red river class 9, and overlap class 12
*** Red River Film Aerotriangulation Report
*** Survey Reports - Surveyor field notes and pictures of control
points.
- Purpose:
- The Red River Basin Mapping Initiative was initiated to create a highly accurate digital elevation model and associated LiDAR data products to enhance natural resources decision-making in the Red River of the North basin.
- Supplemental_Information:
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INTERNATIONAL WATER INSTITUTE MISSION AND
OBJECTIVES:
To provide a forum for collaborative research and
communication relative to flood damage reduction and
natural resource protection via basin universities, private
industry, government agencies, and non-government
organizations.
- Time_Period_of_Content:
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- Time_Period_Information:
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- Range_of_Dates/Times:
April 2008 – Spring 2010
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- Currentness_Reference:
- Acquisition_Dates for each block:
LiDAR Block A - 4-19-08 to 5-2-08
LiDAR Block B - 4-18-08 to 4-19-08
LiDAR Block C - 4-21-08 to 5-16-08
LiDAR Block D- 5-3-08 to 5-18-08, 5-11-09 to 5-15-09
LiDAR Block E - 5-3-08 to 5-14-08, 11-21-08, 5-21-09 to 5-23-09
LiDAR Block F - 5-15-08 to 5-18-08, 11-21-08 to 11-25-08, 5-23-09 to 5-27-09
LiDAR Block G - 4-29-08 to 5-20-08
LiDAR Block H - 4-29-08 to 5-18-08
LiDAR Block I - 4-25-09 to 5-30-09
LiDAR Block J - 4-25-09 to 5-17-09
LiDAR Block K - 4-21-09 to 5-30-09
LiDAR Block L - 4-21-09 to 4-23-09
LiDAR Block M - 5-4-09 to 5-17-09
LiDAR Block N - 10-29-08 to 11-3-08, 5-27-09 to 5-29-09
LiDAR Block O - 10-28-08 to 11-1-08
LiDAR Block Lake of the Woods - 5-17-09
LiDAR Block Koochiching - 5-17-09 to 5-30-09
LiDAR Block Big Stone - Spring 2010
Film Blocks ABCD - 4-18-08 to 5-20-08, 5-10-09 to 5-17-09
- Status:
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- Progress: Complete
- Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Irregular
- Spatial_Domain:
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- Bounding_Coordinates:
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- West_Bounding_Coordinate: +093.885241
- East_Bounding_Coordinate: +100.647025
- North_Bounding_Coordinate: +49.112226
- South_Bounding_Coordinate: +45.454503
- Keywords:
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- Theme:
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- Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
- Theme_Keyword: LiDAR Acquisition
- Theme_Keyword: LiDAR
- Theme_Keyword: LiDAR 1.4m
- Theme_Keyword: Film
- Theme_Keyword: International Water Institute, Fargo ND
- Theme_Keyword: RRBMI Red River Basin Mapping Initiative
- Place:
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- Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System
- Place_Keyword: SD
- Place_Keyword: South Dakota
- Place_Keyword: ND
- Place_Keyword: North Dakota
- Place_Keyword: Minnesota
- Place_Keyword: MN
- Place_Keyword: Red River
- Access_Constraints: none
- Use_Constraints:
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None other than the International Water Institute asks to
be credited in any derived products or services.
- Point_of_Contact:
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- Contact_Information:
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- Contact_Organization_Primary:
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- Contact_Organization: International Water Institute
- Contact_Person:
Chuck Fritz
Contact_Position:
Director
Contact_Address:
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- Address_Type: mailing and physical address
- Address:
International Water Institute
NDSU Dept. 9030,
PO Box 6050
- City: Fargo
- State_or_Province: ND
- Postal_Code: 58108-6050
- Country: USA
- Contact_Voice_Telephone: 701.231.9747
Hours_of_Service: 8am to 5pm Central Time
Contact_Email: charles.fritz@ndsu.edu
- Contact_Instructions: <http://www.internationalwaterinstitute.org/contact1.htm>
- Browse_Graphic:
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- Browse_Graphic_File_Name: RRBMI_Graphic.pdf
- Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Spatial Extent of Red River Basin Mapping Initiative
- Browse_Graphic_Access: <http://www.internationalwaterinstitute.org/forms/RRBMI_Graphic.pdf>
- Data_Quality_Information:
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- Attribute_Accuracy:
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- Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
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GPS phase data was post processed with continuous
kinematic survey techniques using "On the Fly" (OTF)
integer ambiguity resolution. The GPS data was processed
with forward and reverse processing algorithms. The
results from each process, using the data collected at the
airport and in project area, were combined to yield a single
fixed integer phase differential solution of the aircraft
trajectory. The differences between the forward to reverse
solution within the project area were within project
specifications, indicating a valid and accurate
solution. An IMU was used to record precise changes in
position and orientation of the LiDAR scanner at a rate of
200 Hz. All IMU data was processed post flight with a filter
to integrate inertial measurements and precise phase
differential GPS positions. The resulting solution contains
geodetic position, omega, phi, kappa, and time for
subsequent merging with the laser ranging information.
- Logical_Consistency_Report: Tiling is based on the UTM14 coordinates.
- Completeness_Report: None
- Positional_Accuracy:
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- Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
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- Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: <= 1 meter RMSE
- Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
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- Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: <= 15cm RMSE - meets the FEMA requirements for floodplain mapping.
- Validated through 3rd party QA review.
Detailed information for each block are available under 'Quality Control Reports' at <http://www.internationalwaterinstitute.org/lidar.htm>.
- Lineage:
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- Source_Information:
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- Source_Citation:
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- Citation_Information:
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- Originator: International Water Institute
- Publication_Date: 20100524
Title: <http://www.internationalwaterinstitute.org/>
- Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
- Online_Linkage: <http://www.internationalwaterinstitute.org/>
- Type_of_Source_Media: Digital copy
- Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
-
- Time_Period_Information:
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- Range_of_Dates/Times:
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- Beginning_Date: 20080418
- Ending_Date: 20100524
- Source_Currentness_Reference: 20100524
- Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Georectifed LiDAR data sets
- Source_Contribution: Digital Georectifed LiDAR.
- Process_Step:
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- Process_Description:
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AeroScan LiDAR timed reflection data and the IMU SOL
flies were processed together using LiDAR processing
software. The data set for each flight line was checked for
project area coverage, data gaps between overlapping
flight lines, and tension/compression areas (areas where
data points are more or less dense that the average project
specified post spacing). Using an iterative process that
involves analyzing raster difference calculations the
omega,phi,kappa angle corrections for the LiDAR
instrument were determined. Corrections were applied to
the LiDAR data set. Extensive comparisons were made of
vertical and horizontal positional differences between
points common to two or more LiDAR flight lines. An
intensity raster for each flight line was generated and
verified that intensity was recorded for each LiDAR point.
LiDAR ground points were compared to independently
surveyed and positioned ground control points at both the
airport bore-sight area and the project area. Based on the
results of these comparisons, the LiDAR data was vertically
biased to the ground.
(1) PRE-PROCESSING STAGE
LiDAR, GPS and IMU data are processed together using
LiDAR processing software.
The LiDAR data set for each flight line is checked for
project area coverage and LiDAR post spacing is checked
to ensure it meets project specifications.
The LiDAR collected at the calibration area is used to
correct the rotational, atmospheric, and vertical elevation
differences that are inherent to LiDAR data.
Intensity raster is generated to verify that intensity was
recorded for each LiDAR point.
LiDAR data is transformed to the specified project
coordinate system.
By utilizing the ground survey data collected at the
calibration site and project area, the LiDAR data is
vertically biased to the ground.
Comparisons between the biased LiDAR data and ground
survey data within the project area are evaluated and a
final RMSE value is generated to ensure the data meets
project specifications.
LiDAR data in overlap areas of project flight lines is
removed and data from all swaths is merged into a single
data set.
The data set is trimmed to the digital project boundary
including an additional buffer zone, which is typically about
50 feet (buffer zone assures adequate contour generation
from the DEM).
The resulting data set is referred to as the raw LiDAR data.
(2) SURFACING STAGE
The raw LIDAR data is processed through a minimum
block mean algorithm and points are classified as either
bare earth or non-bare earth.
User developed "macros" that factor mean terrain angle
and height from the ground are used to determine bare
earth point classification.
The next phase of the surfacing process is a 2D edit
procedure that ensures the accuracy of the automated
feature classification.
Editors use a combination of imagery, intensity of the
LiDAR reflection and tin-editing software to assess points.
The LiDAR data is filtered, as necessary, using a quadric
error metric to remove redundant points. This method
leaves points where there is a change in the slope of
surfaces (road ditches) and eliminates points from evenly
sloped terrain (flat field) where the points do not affect the
surface.
The resulting data set is referred to as "preliminary
bare-earth LiDAR" and is 2D surfaced and filtered as
necessary. This data set is accurate for 5’ contours or 2’ contours.
- Process_Date: varies
- Spatial_Reference_Information:
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- Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
-
- Planar:
-
- Grid_Coordinate_System:
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- Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
- Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
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- UTM_Zone_Number: 14
- Transverse_Mercator:
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- Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
- Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -099.000000
- Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0
- False_Easting: 500000
- False_Northing: 0.0
- Planar_Coordinate_Information:
-
- Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
- Coordinate_Representation:
-
- Abscissa_Resolution: .001
- Ordinate_Resolution: .001
- Planar_Distance_Units: Meters
- Geodetic_Model:
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- Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
- Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 (GRS 80)
- Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
- Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101
- Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
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- Altitude_System_Definition:
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- Altitude_Datum_Name: NAVD88
- Altitude_Resolution: .001
- Altitude_Distance_Units: Meters
- Altitude_Encoding_Method: Implicit coordinate
- Depth_System_Definition:
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- Depth_Datum_Name: No correction
- Depth_Resolution: .001
- Depth_Distance_Units: Meters
- Depth_Encoding_Method: Implicit coordinate
- Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
-
- Overview_Description:
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- Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
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1.4m LiDAR Acquisition and Processing for International
Water Institute, Fargo ND 2008-2010.
- Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: None
- Distribution_Information:
-
- Distributor:
-
- Contact_Information:
-
- Contact_Organization_Primary:
-
- Contact_Organization: International Water Institute
- Contact_Address:
-
- Address_Type: mailing and physical address
- Address: International Water Institute,
NDSU Dept. 9030,
PO Box 6050
- City: Fargo
- State_or_Province: ND
- Postal_Code: 58105-6050
- Country: USA
- Contact_Voice_Telephone: 701-231-5266
- Hours_of_Service: 8am to 5pm Central Time
- Contact_Instructions: Email
- Distribution_Access:
<http://gis.rrbdin.org/lidarapps.htm>
Distribution_Liability:
-
In no event shall the creators, custodians, or distributors of
this information be liable for any damages arising out of its
use (or the inability to use it).
- Metadata_Reference_Information:
-
- Metadata_Date: 20100524
- Metadata_Contact:
-
- Contact_Information:
-
- Contact _Organization_Primary:
-
- Contact_Organization: International Water Institute
- Contact_Person: Grit May
Contact_Position: Project Specialist
Contact_Address:
-
- Address_Type: mailing and physical address
- Address:
International Water Institute, NDSU Dept 9030,
PO Box 6050
- City: Fargo
- State_or_Province: ND
- Postal_Code: 58108-6050
- Country: USA
- Contact_Voice_Telephone: 701.231.5266
- Hours_of_Service: 8am to 5pm Central Time
-
-
- Contact_Email: grit.may@ndsu.edu
Contact_Instructions: Email
- Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
- Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Generated by gm on 20100524