Middlesex LiDAR Survey

Table of Contents



IDENTIFICATION_INFORMATION

Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Terrapoint USA Publication_Date: 20061115 Title: Middlesex LiDAR Survey Edition: One Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Houston, Texas Publisher: Terrapoint USA Other_Citation_Details: Type Of Scanner = Optech 3100EA Data Acquisition Height = 1550 meters AGL Scanner Field Of View = 40 degrees Scan Frequency = 32.9 Hertz Pulse Repetition Rate = 71 Kilohertz Aircraft Speed = 180 Knots Swath Width = 1128 m Nominal Ground Sample Distance = 1.37 meters (no overlap) Number of Returns Per Pulse = 4 (first, last, intermediate) Distance Between Flight Lines = 564 Format: LAS 1.0 ASPRS Class Code 2=Ground 1=Undefined Online_Linkage: www.terrapoint.com Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Terrapoint USA Publication_Date: 20061115 Title: Middlesex LiDAR Survey Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Houston, Texas Publisher: Terrapoint USA Online_Linkage: www.terrapoint.com Description: Abstract: LIDAR data is remotely sensed high-resolution elevation data collected by an airborne collection platform. By positioning laser range finding with the use of 1 second GPS with 100hz inertial measurement unit corrections; Terrapoint's LIDAR instruments are able to make highly detailed geospatial elevation products of the ground, man-made structures and vegetation. The LiDAR flightlines for this project was planned for a 50% acquisition overlap. The nominal resolution of this project without overlap is 1.37m spacing, but effectively is 2.74m with overlap factored. Four returns were recorded for each pulse in addition to an intensity value. GPS Week Time, Flightline number and scan angle attributes were provided for each LiDAR point. Data is provided as random points, in LAS v1.0 format, classified according to ASPRS Class Code 2=Ground 1=Undefined. Purpose: LiDAR data is used to produce high accuracy 3D elevation based geospatial products. Supplemental_Information: First of many pulse and intermediate returns were not considered in the bare earth ground. Please note that the LiDAR intensity is not calibrated or normalized. The intensity value is meant to provide relative signal return strengths for features imaged by the sensor. is included in the bare earth ground model, except where the entire tile is covered by water. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20061008 Ending_Date: 20061011 Currentness_Reference: Ground Condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.6329 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.2015 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.6105 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.2495 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: LiDAR Theme_Keyword: LAS_v1.0 Theme_Keyword: OPTECH_3100EA Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Middlesex County Place_Keyword: New Jersey Place_Keyword: Northeast Place_Keyword: United States Access_Constraints: Dewberry & Davis LLC has full rights and ownership of this LiDAR dataset; hence any data requests should be channeled through Dewberry & Davis LLC. Use_Constraints: Any conclusions from results of the analysis of this LiDAR are not the responsibility of Terrapoint. The LiDAR data was thoroughly visually verified to represent the true ground conditions at time of collection. Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since the collection of this dataset and some areas may no longer accurately depict current ground condition. Users should be aware of the limitations of this dataset if using for critical applications. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Terrapoint USA Contact_Person: Claude Vickers Contact_Position: Production Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 251216 Grogan's Park Drive City: The Woodlands State_or_Province: Texas Postal_Code: 77380 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-877-80-TERRA Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 1-281-296-0869 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: claude.vickers@terrapoint.com Hours_of_Service: Monday to Friday, 8:30 - 4:30, Eastern Time Native_Data_Set_Environment: ArcView version 3.1 shapefile format x:\storage7\projects\2006_128_u_middlesex_deliverables\shp\midcnb_buffer.shp Top

DATA_QUALITY_INFORMATION

Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Raw elevation measurements have been tested eo 0.87 feet vertical accuracy at 95 percent confidence level Logical_Consistency_Report: All LiDAR files delivered were verified and tested to ensure they open and are positioned properly. Completeness_Report: According to Terrapoint standards; the following aspects of the LiDAR data was verified during the course of the project processing: -Data completeness and integrity -Data accuracy and errors -Anomaly checks through full-feature hillshades -Post automated classification Bare-earth verification -RMSE inspection of final bare-earth model using kinematic GPS quality control of deliverable products; ensuring integrity; graphical quality; conformance to Terrapoint standards are met for all delivered products. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Compiled to meet 3 foot vertical accuracy at the 95 percent confidence level Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Tested 0.87 feet vertical accuracy at 95 percent confidence level Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Publication_Date: 20061115 Title: Middlesex LiDAR Survey Edition: One Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Houston, Texas Publisher: Terrapoint USA Other_Citation_Details: Online_Linkage: www.terrapoint.com Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Terrapoint USA Publication_Date: 20061115 Title: Middlesex LiDAR Survey Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Houston, Texas Publisher: Terrapoint USA Online_Linkage: www.terrapoint.com Source_Scale_Denominator: unknown Type_of_Source_Media: Hard Drive Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20061006 Ending_Date: 20061115 Source_Currentness_Reference: unknown Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Source_Contribution: LiDAR data representing Middlesex County Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Publication_Date: 20061115 Title: Middlesex LiDAR Survey Edition: One Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Houston, Texas Publisher: Terrapoint USA Other_Citation_Details: Online_Linkage: www.terrapoint.com Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Terrapoint USA Publication_Date: 20061115 Title: Middlesex LiDAR Survey Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Houston, Texas Publisher: Terrapoint USA Online_Linkage: www.terrapoint.com Source_Scale_Denominator: unknown Type_of_Source_Media: Hard Drive Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20061006 Ending_Date: 20061115 Source_Currentness_Reference: unknown Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Source_Contribution: LiDAR data representing Middlesex County Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Publication_Date: 20061115 Title: Middlesex LiDAR Survey Edition: One Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Houston, Texas Publisher: Terrapoint USA Other_Citation_Details: Online_Linkage: www.terrapoint.com Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Terrapoint USA Publication_Date: 20061115 Title: Middlesex LiDAR Survey Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Houston, Texas Publisher: Terrapoint USA Online_Linkage: www.terrapoint.com Source_Scale_Denominator: unknown Type_of_Source_Media: Hard Drive Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20061006 Ending_Date: 20061115 Source_Currentness_Reference: unknown Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Source_Contribution: LiDAR data representing Middlesex County Process_Step: Process_Description: General Overview The Airborne LiDAR survey was conducted using an OPTECH 3100EA flying at a nominal height of 1550 metres AGL with a total angular coverage of 40 degrees. Flight line spacing was nominally 564 metres, providing overlap of 50% on adjacent flight lines. All of the lines were flown in a north/south direction for the project. Aircraft A Piper Navajo, registration C-GPJT, was used for the survey. This aircraft has a flight range of approximately 4.5 hours and was flown at an average altitude of 1550 metres AGL (Above Ground Level), thereby encountering flying altitudes of approximately 1550 metres above Mean Sea Level (MSL). The aircraft was staged from the Linden NJ Airport, and ferried daily to the project site for flight operations. GPS Receivers A combination of Sokkia GSR 2600 and NovAtel DL-4+ dual frequency GPS receivers were used to support the airborne operations of this survey and to establish the GPS control network. Number of Flights and Flight Lines A total of 4 missions were flown for this project with flight times ranging approximately 16.25 hours under good meteorological and GPS conditions. 55 flight lines were flown over the project area to provide complete coverage. Lines were flown at 564 metre spacing to achieve 50% lateral overlap. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Acquisition Process Process_Date: 200610 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: ACQ Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Organization: Terrapoint USA Contact_Person: Claude Vickers Contact_Position: Production Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 251216 Grogan's Park Drive City: The Woodlands State_or_Province: Texas Postal_Code: 77380 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-877-80-TERRA Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 1-281-296-0869 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: claude.vickers@terrapoint.com Hours_of_Service: Monday to Friday, 8:30 - 4:30, Eastern Time Process_Step: Process_Description: Airborne GPS Kinematic Airborne GPS kinematic data was processed on-site using GrafNav kinematic On-The-Fly (OTF) software. Flights were flown with a minimum of 6 satellites in view (13o above the horizon) and with a PDOP of better than 4.5. Distances from base station to aircraft were kept to a maximum of 35 km, to ensure a strong OTF (On-The-Fly) solution. For all flights, the GPS data can be classified as excellent, with GPS residuals of 5cm average but no larger than 8 cm being recorded. Calculation of 3D laser points (raw data) The post-processing software to derive X, Y, Z values from roll, pitch, yaw, and range is Optech's Realm. Data Classification and Editing The data was processed using the software TerraScan, and following the methodology described herein. The initial step is the setup of the TerraScan project, which is done by importing client provided tile boundary index encompassing the entire project areas. The 3D laser point clouds, in binary format, were imported into the TerraScan project and divided in 425 tiles, as per the contract specifications. tiled, the laser points were classified using a proprietary routine in TerraScan. This routine removes any obvious outliers from the dataset following which the ground layer is extracted from the point cloud. The ground extraction process encompassed in this routine takes place by building an iterative surface model. This surface model is generated using three main parameters: building size, iteration angle and iteration distance. The initial model is based on low points being selected by a "roaming window" with the assumption is that these are the ground points. The size of this roaming window is determined by the building size parameter. The low points are triangulated and the remaining points are evaluated and subsequently added to the model if they meet the iteration angle and distance constraints. This process is repeated until no additional points are added within an iteration. A critical parameter is the maximum terrain angle constraint, which determines the maximum terrain angle allowed within the classification model. The data is then manually quality controlled with the use of hillshading, cross-sections and profiles. Any points found to be of class vegetation, building or error during the quality control process, are removed from the ground model and placed on the appropriate layer. An integrity check is also performed simultaneously to verify that ground features such as rock cuts, elevated roads and crests are present. Once data has been cleaned and complete, it is then reviewed by a supervisor via manual inspection and through the use of a hillshade mosaic of the entire project area. Projection Transformation The data was processed in the native UTM zone in meters and then transformed to the New Jersey State Plane final projection system and US survey feet using an in-house transformation software which uses the Coorpscon DLL. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Data Processing Process_Date: 200611 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: PRD Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Organization: Terrapoint USA Contact_Person: Claude Vickers Contact_Position: Production Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 251216 Grogan's Park Drive City: The Woodlands State_or_Province: Texas Postal_Code: 77380 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-877-80-TERRA Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 1-281-296-0869 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: claude.vickers@terrapoint.com Hours_of_Service: Monday to Friday, 8:30 - 4:30, Eastern Time Top

SPATIAL_DATA_ORGANIZATION_INFORMATION

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: GT-polygon composed of chains Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 1 Top

SPATIAL_REFERENCE_INFORMATION

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: State Plane Coordinate System 1983 State_Plane_Coordinate_System: SPCS_Zone_Identifier: New Jersey Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999900 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -74.500000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 38.833333 False_Easting: 492124.999950 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: Coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.01 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.01 Planar_Distance_Units: US Survey Feet Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 80 Semi-major_Axis: 20925604.4720406 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.26 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 Altitude_Resolution: 0.01 Altitude_Distance_Units: US Survey Feet Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Depth_System_Definition: Depth_Datum_Name: Depth_Resolution: Depth_Distance_Units: Depth_Encoding_Method: Top

ENTITY_AND_ATTRIBUTE_INFORMATION

Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: LiDAR point data in LAS 1.0 format ASPRS cassfication scheme (1 = undefined; 2 = ground) Contains the following 10 fields of information: GPS WeekTime Easting Angle (integer) Echo Number Echo Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none Top

DISTRIBUTION_INFORMATION

Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Terrapoint USA Contact_Person: Claude Vickers Contact_Position: Production Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 251216 Grogan's Park Drive City: The Woodlands State_or_Province: Texas Postal_Code: 77380 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-877-80-TERRA Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 1-281-296-0869 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: claude.vickers@terrapoint.com Hours_of_Service: Monday to Friday, 8:30 - 4:30, Eastern Time Resource_Description: The LiDAR data was captured for Dewberry & Davis for flood plain mapping purposes Distribution_Liability: Users must assume responsibilty to determine the appropriate use of this LiDAR dataset. The LiDAR has been compiled to 3 foot vertical accuracy; tested to 0.87 feetvertical accuracy at 95 percent confidence level. Data is representative of ground conditions at time of acquisition only. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name:LAS 1.0 Digital_Transfer_Option: Offline_Option: Offline_Media: DVD, HD Recording_Format: Standard Compatibility_Information: none Fees: Current Handling and Processing Terrapoint Fees Ordering_Instructions: Proper release required from Dewberry & Davis LLC for orders outside of Dewberry & Davis LLC. Top

METADATA_REFERENCE_INFORMATION

Metadata_Date: 20070227 Metadata_Review_Date: Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Terrapoint USA Contact_Person: Claude Vickers Contact_Position: Production Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical address Address: 251216 Grogan's Park Drive City: The Woodlands State_or_Province: Texas Postal_Code: 77380 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-877-80-TERRA Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 1-281-296-0869 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: claude.vickers@terrapoint.com Hours_of_Service: Monday to Friday, 8:30 - 4:30, Eastern Time Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC CSDGM Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Top